3. Notes that Market-Based Instruments comprehend a wide range of tools which are designed to respond to specific purposes, such as tradable permits that have been designed to achieve reductions in pollution (such as emissions of CO2); environmental taxes, which are meant to change prices and thus the behaviour of producers and consumers; environmental charges, designed to cover costs of environmental services; environmental subsidies, designed to support the development of cleaner technologies, etc.;
3. merkt op dat de marktconforme instrumenten een breed scala aan hulpmiddelen omvatten die voor specifieke doeleinden bestemd zijn, zoals verhandelbare rechten om minder luchtverontreiniging te bewerkstelligen (bijv. CO2-emissies), milieubelastingen om de prijzen en aldus het gedrag van consumenten en producenten te veranderen, milieuheffingen om de kosten van milieudiensten te dekken, milieusubsidies om de ontwikkeling van schonere technologieën te ondersteunen, enz.;