The current methods used to generate these types of treatments involve culturing cells or microorganisms, such as bacteria which are labour intensive, expensive and often only produce relatively small amounts of pharmaceuticals.
Tegenwoordig worden behandelingen nog ontwikkeld door culturen van cellen of micro-organismen, zoals bacteriën, te kweken. Dit is arbeidsintensief, duur en levert vaak slechts relatief kleine hoeveelheden geneesmiddelen op.