Manufacturing in the EU has indeed been restructuring towards lower energy intensity and higher value added production for decades and this has partially mitigated rising energy prices. Moreover, many other factors have played a role, including labour costs and the attractiveness of markets outside the EU, driving investments to those markets.
Le secteur manufacturier de l'UE a entamé, depuis plusieurs décennies, une restructuration visant à diminuer son intensité énergétique et à accroître la valeur ajoutée de sa production, ce qui a partiellement atténué la hausse des prix de l'énergie.