Na de cyberaanval op Estland in 2007 is op 14 mei 2008 officieel het Cooperative Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence (CCD COE) opgericht, teneinde de cyberdefensiecapaciteit van de NAVO te vergroten.
Following the cyber attack on Estonia in 2007, the Cooperative Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence (CCD COE) was formally established on the 14th of May, 2008, in order to enhance NATO's cyber defence capability.